A Maritime Archaeology of Ships  
Innovation and Social Change in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe
Author(s): J. R. Adams
Published by Oxbow Books
Publication Date:  Available in all formats
ISBN: 9781782970453
Pages: 0

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In the last fifty years the investigation of maritime archaeological sites in the sea, in the coastal zone and in their interconnecting locales, has emerged as one of archaeology's most dynamic and fast developing fields. No longer a niche interest, maritime archaeology is recognised as having central relevance in the integrated study of the human past. Within maritime archaeology the study of watercraft has been understandably prominent and yet their potential is far from exhausted. In this book Jon Adams evaluates key episodes of technical change in the ways that ships were conceived, designed, built, used and disposed of. As technological puzzles they have long confounded explanation but when viewed in the context of the societies in which they were created, mysteries begin to dissolve. Shipbuilding is social practice and as one of the most complex artefacts made, changes in their technology provide a lens through which to view the ideologies, strategies and agency of social change.



Adams argues that the harnessing of shipbuilding was one of the ways in which medieval society became modern and, while the primary case studies are historical, he also demonstrates that the relationships between ships and society have key implications for our understanding of prehistory in which seafaring and communication had similarly profound effects on the tide of human affairs.
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In the last fifty years the investigation of maritime archaeological sites in the sea, in the coastal zone and in their interconnecting locales, has emerged as one of archaeology's most dynamic and fast developing fields. No longer a niche interest, maritime archaeology is recognised as having central relevance in the integrated study of the human past. Within maritime archaeology the study of watercraft has been understandably prominent and yet their potential is far from exhausted. In this book Jon Adams evaluates key episodes of technical change in the ways that ships were conceived, designed, built, used and disposed of. As technological puzzles they have long confounded explanation but when viewed in the context of the societies in which they were created, mysteries begin to dissolve. Shipbuilding is social practice and as one of the most complex artefacts made, changes in their technology provide a lens through which to view the ideologies, strategies and agency of social change.



Adams argues that the harnessing of shipbuilding was one of the ways in which medieval society became modern and, while the primary case studies are historical, he also demonstrates that the relationships between ships and society have key implications for our understanding of prehistory in which seafaring and communication had similarly profound effects on the tide of human affairs.
Table of contents
  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • List of Figures and tables
  • Acknowledgements
  • Preface
  • Chapter 1: Pathways and Ideas
    • Premises
    • Contexts and scope
    • Foundations
    • Archaeology or anthropology?
    • The middle range
    • Shifting sands
    • From method to management
    • Money, policy, law and ethics
    • Knowing what is there
  • Chapter 2: Watercraft
    • Communication, subsistence, trade and exchange
    • The first seafarers?
    • Preservation
    • Failure or success?
    • Ritual deposition and abandonment
    • Contexts and meanings
    • Time capsules?
    • Selection
    • Aggregate value
    • Ships as things
    • Reading ships
      • Purpose
      • Technology
      • Tradition
      • Materials
      • Economy
      • Environment
      • Ideology
    • Ships as society
  • Chapter 3: Sources, Theories and Practice
    • Images and altered perception
    • The attrition of time
    • Discovery, management and access
    • Ships of trade
    • Ships of war
    • Art or science?
    • Theory and practice
    • Technological particulars or social trends?
    • Data, facts and objectivity
    • Archaeological historical synthesis
    • Technology, innovation and social change
  • Chapter 4: From Medieval to Modern: Ships of State
    • Terminology
    • Technological precedents
    • Innovation and change
      • Northern Europe
      • The Mediterranean region
    • Cultural transmission
    • Cocha – carrack
    • From carrack to carvel
    • Mary Rose
      • Hull structure
      • Principles of construction sequence
      • Form and adaptations
    • The Kravel: Key to a kingdom
      • Gustav Vasa and the Swedish State
      • Discovery
      • Hull structure
      • Rig
      • Fittings
      • Ordnance
      • Dating and identification
      • Ship type and origin
    • Symbols of Power
      • The Elephant
      • Naval enterprise and novel solutions
      • Mars
    • A social context
    • Principal agents
    • Innovation
    • Floating Castles: architectural analogies
    • Dynasty over deity
    • Guns or barricas?
  • Plates
  • Chapter 5: The Mysterious Hulk – Medieval tradition or modern myth?
    • Proposed hulk characteristics
    • Proto-hulks?
    • Late medieval hulks
    • Perception and the medieval artist
      • Reverse clinker
      • Hulk planking
      • Collars
      • Banana boats and stylistic convention
    • Conclusion
  • Chapter 6: Shipwrights, Status and Power
    • Precedents
    • Cod’s head and Mackerel’s tail
    • Sea Venture
      • Historical context
      • Discovery
      • Site formation
      • Preservation and distribution
      • Identification
      • Hull Structure
    • Comparative material
      • Sparrowhawk (1626)
      • Warwick (1619)
      • Alderney
      • The Gresham ship
    • Principles of construction sequence
    • Reconstructing Sea Venture
    • The secret art
    • Hull lines
      • Performance analysis: provisional results
    • Shipwrights and status
    • Ships of war and trade: divergence and convergence
  • Chapter 7: A New Technology
    • Background
    • SL 4
    • Hull structure
      • Keel, posts and deadwood
      • Framing
      • Planking
      • Internal timbers
      • Keel fastenings
      • Main mast and mast-step
    • The ship and its materials
    • A reconstruction
    • SL 4 building sequence
      • Keel
      • Stem, stern posts and transoms:
      • Deadwood
      • Frames
      • Harpins and ribbands
      • Staging
      • Keelson
      • Cant frames
      • Planking
      • Making good
      • Beams
      • Stanchions
      • Breasthooks and crutches
      • Ceiling
      • Treenails
      • Tightening
    • Repairs and miscellaneous features
    • Implications
  • Chapter 8: Carvel Building in Retrospect
    • Structures and materials
    • Ribs and skins
    • New materials, new ideas
  • Chapter 9: Maritime Material Culture
    • The new versus the old: ‘Innovators and laggards’
    • Specific circumstances and general explanations
    • Stress response
    • History to prehistory: directions and potential
    • Boats in the mind – boats in reality
  • Glossary
  • Appendices
    • Appendix 1: Narrow escape from shipwreck
    • Appendix 2: 17th Century ship design
  • References
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