Between 1989 and 1991, excavations in the parish of Flixborough, North Lincolnshire, unearthed remains of an Anglo-Saxon settlement associated with one of the largest collections of artefacts and animal bones yet found on such a site. In an unprecedented occupation sequence from an Anglo-Saxon rural settlement, six main periods of occupation have been identified, dating from the seventh to the early eleventh centuries; with a further period of activity, between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries AD. The remains of approximately forty buildings and other structures were uncovered; and due to the survival of large refuse deposits, huge quantities of artefacts and faunal remains were encountered compared with most other rural settlements of the period.


Volume 2 contains detailed presentation of some 10,000 recorded finds, over 6,000 sherds of pottery, and many other residues and bulk finds, illustrated with 213 blocks of figures and 67 plates, together with discussion of their significance.It presents the most comprehensive, and currently unique picture of daily life on a rural settlement of this period in eastern England, and is an assemblage of Europe wide significance to Anglo-Saxon and early medieval archaeologists.

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Plates
• List of Contributors to the Flixborough Volumes
• Summary
• Zusammenfassung
• Résumé
• Acknowledgements
• Preface and Introduction
• Chapter 1: Dress and Personal Items
  • 1.1 Brooches
  • 1.2 Strap-ends
  • 1.3 The hooked tags
  • 1.4 Buckles:
    • Non-ferrous buckles and other belt fittings
    • Iron buckles and belt fittings
  • 1.5 Jewellery
  • 1.6 Toilet implements
  • 1.7 Medical items
  • 1.8 The pins
  • 1.9 Tool-marks and finishing details on non-ferrous, surface-coated and inlaid objects, including dress items
  • 1.10 Combs
• Chapter 2: Consumption of Luxuries : The Glas and Copper Alloy Vesels
  • 2.1 Glass vessels
  • 2.2 Analysis of chemical compositions of the glass
  • 2.3 Copper alloy vessels and container mounts
• Chapter 3: Artefacts Relating to Specialist Activities
  • 3.1 Horse equipment
  • 3.2 Weapons and armour
  • 3.3 Writing and literacy-related items:
    • The styli
    • A decorated silver plaque, possibly from a book cover
    • The inscribed objects
  • 3.4 Possible liturgical objects: Iron bells and bell clappers
• Chapter 4: Building Materials and Fittings
  • 4.1 Structural ironwork and fittings
  • 4.2 Structural fired clay or daub
  • 4.3 Window glass and lead cames
  • 4.4 Other building materials
• Chapter 5: Domestic Fittings and Implements
  • 5.1 Iron domestic fixtures, fittings and implements
  • 5.2 Iron locks and keys
  • 5.3 Copper alloy keys
  • 5.4 Miscellaneous copper-alloy fixtures and fittings
  • 5.5 Miscellaneous lead and lead alloy objects
  • 5.6 Miscellaneous iron fixtures and fittings:
    • Knives
    • Appendix 1. Metallographic examination of knife blades
  • 5.7 Bone and antler implements and utensils
  • 5.8 Hones and sharpening stones
    • A note on the geology of the hones
  • 5.9 Stone lamps
  • 5.10 A possible carved chalk vessel
• Chapter 6: Cultivation, Crop Processing and Food Procurement
  • 6.1 Agricultural tools
  • 6.2 Querns
    • A note on the geology of the sandstone querns
    • A note on the lava querns from Flixborough
  • 6.3 Evidence for fishing and netting birds
    • Iron fish hooks
• Chapter 7: Woodworking, the tool hoard and its lead containers
  • 7.1 Woodworking tools
  • 7.2 The Flixborough tool hoard
  • 7.3 The lead vessels housing the Flixborough tool hoard
• Chapter 8: Leatherworking
  • 8.1 Leatherworking tools
• Chapter 9: Textile Production
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Fibre processing
  • 9.3 Spinning
    • A note on the geology of the stone spindle whorls
  • 9.4 Weaving
  • 9.5 Cutting and stitching
    • Shears
    • Needles
    • Rubbing stones
  • 9.6 Summary Selective catalogue
• Chapter 10: Ironworking
  • 10.1 Artefacts and objects relating to ironworking
  • 10.2 Ironworking debris and manufacturing processes
    • Visual examination of the slags and metalworking debris
    • Distribution of metalworking debris by period within the occupation sequence
    • Physico-chemical analysis of debris
• Chapter 11: Non-Ferrous Metalworking
  • 11.1 The crucible and mould fragments
  • 11.2 Other fired clay objects
  • 11.3 Surface analysis of crucible and mould fragments
  • 11.4 Copper alloy manufacturing debris
  • 11.5 Evidence for leadworking
• Chapter 12: The Anglo-Saxon Pottery
  • 12.1 Introduction
  • 12.2 Early to Middle Anglo-Saxon handmade wares
    • 12.2.1 Charnwood (CHARN)
    • 12.2.2 Organic-tempered fabrics (ECHAF)
    • 12.2.3 Iron-tempered fabrics (FE)
    • 12.2.4 Sandstone-tempered fabrics (SST)
    • 12.2.5 Local Anglo-Saxon fabrics (ESAXLOC)
    • 12.2.6 Greensand-tempered fabrics (ESGS)
    • 12.2.7 Sparry calcite-tempered fabrics (SPARC)
    • 12.2.8 Anglo-Saxon non-local fabrics (ESAXX)
  • 12.3 Middle Saxon wares
    • 12.3.1 Northern Maxey-type ware
    • 12.3.2 Other shell-tempered Middle Saxon fabrics
    • 12.3.3 Ipswich ware
    • 12.3.4 Imported pottery from continental Europe
  • 12.4 The Late Saxon Pottery
    • 12.4.1 Lincoln Kiln-type shelly ware (LKT)
    • 12.4.2 Torksey and Torksey-type ware
    • 12.4.3 Other Late Saxon fabrics
  • 12.5 The site pottery sequence
    • Pottery catalogue
  • 12.6 The Anglo-Saxon pottery from Flixborough within the context of the East Midlands of England, AD 650–1000
    • 12.6.1 Late 7th and early 8th century
    • 12.6.2 The 8th century
    • 12.6.3 The 9th to 11th centuries
• Chapter 13: The Anglo-Saxon Coins, Mensuration Weights and Ingots
  • 13.1 The Anglo-Saxon and medieval coins from Flixborough
    • The Northumbrian coins
  • 13.2 Investigative conservation of the sceattas and stycas
  • 13.3 Silver ingot for bullion-based exchange
  • 13.4 Lead and lead alloy mensuration weights
• Chapter 14: Prehistoric, Romano-British and High Medieval Remains
  • 14.1 Prehistoric remains
    • 14.1.1 Prehistoric lithic material
    • 14.1.2 The hammer stone
    • 14.1.3 Prehistoric pottery
    • 14.1.4 The sling-shots
  • 14.2 Romano-British remains
    • 14.2.1 The Roman coins
    • 14.2.2 The Romano-British pottery
    • 14.2.3 The Romano-British ceramic building materials
    • 14.2.4 A copper alloy penannular brooch
    • 14.2.5 A Romano-British sculpted stone fragment
    • 14.2.6 A stone pestle
    • 14.2.7 The jet pin
  • 14.3 High Medieval and later remains
    • 14.3.1 Medieval and later pottery
    • 14.3.2 Medieval and later non-ferrous metal objects
    • 14.3.3 Medieval and later objects of iron
    • 14.3.4 A medieval lead alloy spoon fragment
    • 14.3.5 The medieval stone roof tile
    • 14.3.6 Medieval and later coins
• Bibliography
• Index
• Colour Plates