This Safety Guide provides recommendations on the use of radioactive sources and radiation generators in well logging, including in the manufacture, calibration and maintenance of well logging tools. It provides recommendations on radiation protection and safety for the storage, use and transport of such radiation sources. The guidance in this publication is aimed primarily at operating organizations that are authorized to undertake well logging with radiation sources, as well as their employees and radiation protection officers. The guidance will also be of interest to regulatory bodies, and to designers, manufacturers, suppliers, and maintenance and servicing organizations of well logging equipment that contains radiation sources.

• 1. INTRODUCTION
  • Background
  • Objective
  • Scope
  • Structure
• 2. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
  • General
  • The government and the regulatory body
    • Communication and reporting mechanisms
  • The operating organization
    • Safety culture
    • Human factors
  • Radiation protection officer
  • Qualified experts
  • Workers
  • Cooperation between employers and the operating organization
  • Workers on short term contracts (itinerant workers)
  • The client
• 3. SAFETY ASSESSMENT
  • General
  • Methodology for the safety assessment
  • Outcomes of the safety assessment
  • Reviews of the safety assessment
  • Record of the safety assessment
  • Optimization of protection and safety
• 4. RADIATION PROTECTION PROGRAMME
  • Objectives and scope
  • Structure and content
  • Management structure and policies
  • Programme of education and training
  • Local rules and supervision
  • Radiation safety committee
  • Designation of controlled areas and supervised areas
  • Programme of workplace monitoring
  • Arrangements for individual monitoring
  • Health surveillance programme
  • Periodic reviews and audits of the performance of the radiation protection programme
  • Management system and process improvement
• 5. TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION
  • General
  • Design of a training programme
  • Structure and content of training courses
  • Refresher training
  • Training assessments and certification
• 6. INDIVIDUAL MONITORING OF WORKERS
  • General
  • Dose limits for occupational radiation protection
  • Individual dose assessment using passive dosimeters
  • Active personal dosimeters
  • Record keeping
  • Investigation of doses exceeding dose limits
  • Testing and calibration of dosimetry equipment
• 7. WORKPLACE MONITORING
  • Monitoring programme
  • Selection, maintenance and calibration of workplace monitoring instruments
• 8. CONTROL OF RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
• 9. NUCLEAR SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
  • The interfaces between safety and nuclear security
  • Security measures
• 10. SAFE HANDLING OF RADIOACTIVE SOURCES AND RADIATION GENERATORS
  • General
  • Sealed radioactive sources for well logging
  • Marking and labelling of well logging equipment containing sealed radioactive sources
  • Neutron generators for well logging
  • Source changers and shipping containers for radioactive sources
  • Safety of neutron generators in calibration operations
  • Cessation of use and removal of radioactive sources
• 11. SITE OPERATION
  • General
  • Preparation for operation
  • Designation of controlled areas on a site
    • Warning notices
    • Supervising and monitoring the boundary of the controlled area
  • Use of neutron generators on a site
  • Dose rate monitoring
  • Individual monitoring of workers
  • Well logging equipment
  • Safety checks
  • Temporary storage of radioactive sources on a site
  • Completion of work and removal of sources from site
• 12. TRANSPORT OF RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
  • Movement within the worksite
  • Transport to another site
• 13. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
  • General
  • Development of emergency plans and procedures
  • Emergency equipment
  • Example response procedures for incidents involving radiation sources in well logging
    • Actions to be taken for events involving gamma and neutron radioactive sources
    • Actions to be taken for events involving neutron generators
  • Training and exercises
  • Periodic reviews of the emergency plan
  • Reporting
  • Communication with the public
• REFERENCES
• Annex I OVERVIEW OF RADIOACTIVE SOURCES USED IN WELL LOGGING
• Annex II CONSIDERATIONS FOR A SAFETY ASSESSMENT FOR WELL LOGGING
• Annex III INFORMATION ON RADIATION SAFETY OF NEUTRON GENERATORS USED IN WELL LOGGING
• Annex IV CALCULATION OF RADIATION SHIELDING
• Annex V SUGGESTED STRUCTURE OF WELL LOGGING LOCAL RULES
• Annex VI EXAMPLES OF INCIDENTS INVOLVING RADIATION SOURCES IN WELL LOGGING
• CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW