Gold: How it Shaped History  
Author(s): Alan Ereira
Published by Pen and Sword
Publication Date:  Available in all formats
ISBN: 9781036115357
Pages: 0

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Gold is not what we think. It is usually discussed in the context of wealth and art but this book has a broader subject, so fundamental that it has been largely unremarked. Informed by a mass of recent discoveries and a South American indigenous perspective, it offers a new way of understanding the history of civilization. Gold has been coinage, treasure and adornment. But it has been much more, as the hidden driver of wars and revolutions, the rise and fall of empires and the transformation of societies.

As the sun traveled east to west across the sky, gold, incorruptible and corrupting, flowed west to east, hand to hand across the world.That flow has brought empires to grow and collapse and driven plunder, conquest and colonization. It brought about wars and revolutions, empowered new forms of arts and science and created the capitalist consumer economy that dominates us now.

All the gold people ever shaped still exists, shining as new; it can be mislaid but never decays. Right from its first appearance on the west shore of the Black Sea, long before the rise of Egypt and Mesopotamia, gold crowned the first proto-king. Ever since, it has been regarded as value incarnate with transcendental power. The quantity we take has been increasing steadily for 6,500 years. Now extraction accelerates. Our gold mountain has doubled in the last fifty years. Yet its price increases faster. While the quantity doubled, its buying power multiplied by six. What does gold do that makes us want it so much?

As Alan Ereira reveals in this skilfully woven narrative, gold is the hidden actor that shapes our story.
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Gold is not what we think. It is usually discussed in the context of wealth and art but this book has a broader subject, so fundamental that it has been largely unremarked. Informed by a mass of recent discoveries and a South American indigenous perspective, it offers a new way of understanding the history of civilization. Gold has been coinage, treasure and adornment. But it has been much more, as the hidden driver of wars and revolutions, the rise and fall of empires and the transformation of societies.

As the sun traveled east to west across the sky, gold, incorruptible and corrupting, flowed west to east, hand to hand across the world.That flow has brought empires to grow and collapse and driven plunder, conquest and colonization. It brought about wars and revolutions, empowered new forms of arts and science and created the capitalist consumer economy that dominates us now.

All the gold people ever shaped still exists, shining as new; it can be mislaid but never decays. Right from its first appearance on the west shore of the Black Sea, long before the rise of Egypt and Mesopotamia, gold crowned the first proto-king. Ever since, it has been regarded as value incarnate with transcendental power. The quantity we take has been increasing steadily for 6,500 years. Now extraction accelerates. Our gold mountain has doubled in the last fifty years. Yet its price increases faster. While the quantity doubled, its buying power multiplied by six. What does gold do that makes us want it so much?

As Alan Ereira reveals in this skilfully woven narrative, gold is the hidden actor that shapes our story.
Table of contents
  • Cover
  • Title
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Plates
  • Maps
  • Acknowledgements
  • Preface
  • Introduction
  • Part I: The Gods Speak
    • Chapter 1 Golden Power: The First King
      • The Shock of the Old
      • Gold and Divine Power
      • The Meaning of Regalia
      • Goldsmithing
      • The Antecedents of Lordship
      • Metallurgy – from Copper to Gold
      • The Birth of an Industry
      • Gold and Power
      • The Skeleton Horizon
      • The Owner of the Golden Calendar
    • Chapter 2 Gods of the Cities
      • Tomb Robbers
      • The Golden Helmet of Ur
      • The Birth of History
      • Gold and Value
      • The Trade Economy
      • Gold for Soldiers
      • Gold in Egypt
      • Electrum
      • From Assur to Babylon
    • Chapter 3 The Birth of Money
      • The Invention of Trade Tokens
      • Gold in Sardis
      • The Gold Glut
      • White Gold Coins
      • Gold from Jerusalem
      • Monetizing Divinity
      • Pure Gold Coinage
      • Gold for Mercenaries
    • Chapter 4 Fall of the Gods
      • The Defeat of Croesus
      • The Writing on the Wall
      • Babylon is Taken
      • Value Vanishes
      • Gods without Gold
      • Gold and Jerusalem
      • Gold and Secular Power
    • Chapter 5 Golden Alexander
      • Macedonia – Gold’s Refuge
      • Alexander the God
      • Dispersal of the Treasury
      • Gold of the Temple
      • The Flow to Parthia
  • Part II: Gold Makes Rome
    • Chapter 6 Celts And Carthage
      • Rejecting Gold
      • Plundering Rome and Delphi
      • Gold for Mercenaries
      • Gold and Carthage
      • Carthage Must Be Destroyed
      • Monetary Gold Vanishes
    • Chapter 7 Gold Conquers
      • Gold for Rome’s Dictatorship
      • The New Oligarchs
      • Julius Caesar’s Campaigns for Gold
      • Stealing From the Gods
      • Gold Advertises its Master
      • Rome Turns Gold into a Commodity
    • Chapter 8 The Empire’s Golden Fetters
      • The Price of Succeeding Caesar
      • The Price of a Payroll
      • The Contest for Luxury
      • The Debt Crash
      • Recreating Value
      • Plundering Britain
      • Plundering Jerusalem
      • Plundering Dacia
      • Plundering Persia
      • Plundering Rome
    • Chapter 9 Gold Going East
      • Indian Temples
      • Luxuries to Rome, Gold to the East
      • Chinese Alchemy
      • The Emperor Plunders Constantinople
      • The Collapse of the West
      • The Finale
  • Part III: The Summons to Europe
    • Chapter 10 Life Without Gold
      • Desperate Gold Hunters
      • Life in a Plundered Empire
      • Gold and Camels
      • Golden Light
      • Gifts, Not Cash
      • The Post-gold Economy
      • A New Role for Gold
      • Gold of the Caliphate
      • Gold Confronts Feudalism
      • Gold on the Page, Silver in the Purse
    • Chapter 11 The Making of Bankers
      • The Problem with Local Money
      • Church Power
      • The Value of Crusades
      • Revival
      • The Emergence of Venice
      • The Plunder of Constantinople
      • The New Venice
      • Minting Gold in Europe
      • Marco Polo
      • China’s Understanding of Money
      • Italian Bankers
    • Chapter 12 Out of Africa
      • Gold of Ghana
      • Mali
      • The Golden Haj
      • The Irresistible Lure
      • Gold or Pepper
      • Portugal Breaks out of Europe
    • Chapter 13 Opening the Oceans
      • The World’s New Shape
      • The First Ocean Navigations
      • Europe’s First African Gold Mine
      • Sailing East
      • Seaborne Artillery
      • The Great Trade Ocean
      • Spices
      • The Role of Slaughter
      • The Profit
      • The Alternative Route
    • Chapter 14 A New World to Plunder
      • The Gold of the Taino
      • The Elimination of Haiti
      • Slavery
      • The Black Legend
      • Profit and Loss
      • Indelible Memory
    • Chapter 15 Discovering America
      • The New Shape of Realty
      • The Forgotten Discovery of Brazil
      • Gold and Guanín
      • Who Could Work With Gold
    • Chapter 16 The End of Pre-Colombian History
      • Seizing Mesoamerica
      • Colombia
      • The Aztec Empire
      • Cortés
      • The Elimination of the Aztecs
      • Obliterating the Past
      • The Secret of Success
    • Chapter 17 Gold at Last
      • Pizarro’s Quest
      • Finding the Inca
      • Tracking the Source of Gold
      • The Place of Gold in the Land
      • A World Without Money
      • The Value of Gold Coins
  • Part IV: The Making of States
    • Chapter 18 The Disintegration of Christendom
      • The Paradox of Plenty
      • Charles V, Universal Monarch
      • The Cost of Imperium
      • Handling Gold Currency
      • Gold to Support the Emperor
      • The Mystery of Income
      • The Silver Mountain
      • The Extravagance of Gold and Salt
      • The Great Price Rise
      • The New Warfare
      • The Price of Forgiveness
    • Chapter 19 Ruin of the Spanish Crown
      • No Such Thing as Enough
      • War Against the Ottoman Empire
      • The Cost of Muskets
      • New Weapons at Sea
      • Calvinism and Finance
      • Revolt of the Netherlands
      • The Golden Sink-hole
      • The Armada
      • The Flow to Amsterdam
    • Chapter 20 Alchemy
      • The Basis of Transmutation
      • Transmutation for the Elixir of Life
      • Elizabethan Alchemy
      • Frobisher’s Gold
      • Identifying Gold
      • Gold’s Ingredients
      • Alchemy and Government
      • The Emergence of Science
    • Chapter 21 From Lords to States
      • Who was Enriched?
      • The Money Machine
      • The Dutch East India Company
      • Pieces of Eight
      • The Slaughter in Europe
      • Financing Limitless War
      • The Assault on Monarchy
      • The New States of Europe
    • Chapter 22 The Force of Oriental Gravity
      • China’s Need for Silver
      • The Manchu
      • The East India Company
      • Gold to Asia
      • Indian Gold Storing
    • Chapter 23 Trade as Global War
      • The New Law of Plunder
      • The Global Gold–Silver Exchange
      • The Guinea
      • Fashion as a Gold Mine
      • Mercantilism
      • Greed is Good
      • Creating Consumers
    • Chapter 24 The Treaty That Changed the World
      • Portugal’s Great Gold Strike
      • Britain’s Great Gold Strike
      • Britain takes India
      • Living in Debt
      • Buying Scotland
      • The Hidden Flow of Gold to Britain
      • Rural Transformation
      • Sugar and Slavery
  • Part V Virtual Gold
    • Chapter 25 Paper Gold
      • John Law and the Abolition of Gold
      • Russia Abolishes Gold
      • Britain Wins the Trade War
      • Consumer Capitalism
      • The Destruction of the Ancien Régime
      • Assignats
      • Paper Pounds
      • Gold Napoleon
    • Chapter 26 Famine and Feast
      • The Rebirth of Golden Coins
      • The Gold Shortage
      • Gold Strikes
      • Protecting the Pound
      • California
      • The Gold Rushes
      • The Civil War
      • The Elimination of Distance
    • Chapter 27 The Violent Journey to Leaving Gold
      • Seizing the Plains
      • The Golden Reich
      • The Impact of the Gold Mark
      • The Gold Standard
      • The New Gold Rushes
      • The Klondike
      • Failing to Leave the Gold Standard
      • Britain’s Return to Gold
      • The End of the Gold Standard
    • Chapter 28 The Grip of Gold
      • The Crash
      • Second World War
      • Fort Knox
      • Nixon’s Gold Shock
      • Oil and Gold
      • The Giant Digital Puffball
    • Chapter 29 Nature and Death
      • Pandemic, Climate Change and Hoarding Gold
    • Chapter 30 The New Place of Gold
  • Notes
  • Bibliography
  • Plates
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