This publication addresses costs arising during individual phases of an environmental remediation project, how they can be calculated, and how they can be structured and documented. It provides the methodology of cost estimation and includes examples of cost estimate models, development plans, cost elements and work breakdown structures. The publication also contains an overview of potentially suitable remediation technologies, which may help the reader to structure the options study.

• 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1. Background
  • 1.2. Objective
  • 1.3. Scope
  • 1.4. Structure
• 2. THE REMEDIATION PROCESS
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. Remediation process steps
    • 2.2.1. Historical site assessment
    • 2.2.2. Remediation criteria
    • 2.2.3. Site characterization
    • 2.2.4. Planning remediation
    • 2.2.5. Implementation of remedial action; operations and maintenance; and the post-remediation monitoring and maintenance phases
    • 2.2.6. Operations and maintenance
    • 2.2.7. Post-remediation monitoring and management
  • 2.3. Remediation end state (remediation criteria)
    • 2.3.1. General considerations
    • 2.3.2. Risk assessment
    • 2.3.3. Stakeholder involvement in defining the end state
    • 2.3.4. Long term stability of the end state
  • 2.4. Options study
    • 2.4.1. Options study: Remedy screening
    • 2.4.2. Options study: Remedy selection (optimization)
• 3. THE COST ESTIMATION PROCESS
  • 3.1. Planning considerations
  • 3.2. Problem identification and conceptualization
  • 3.3. Objectives and approaches for the development of cost estimates
    • 3.3.1. Budget forecasting
    • 3.3.2. Evaluating and comparing options
    • 3.3.3. Evaluating cost proposals for contract awards
  • 3.4. Steps in the cost estimation process
    • 3.4.1. Introduction
    • 3.4.2. Screening alternatives
    • 3.4.3. Detailed analysis of alternatives
    • 3.4.4. Steps of the cost estimate process for the selected remedial option (final design stage)
    • 3.4.5. Cost checklist
    • 3.4.6. Documenting the cost estimate
• 4. FUNDING
  • 4.1. Financing sources for environmental remediation projects
  • 4.2. Financing for long term stewardship costs
  • 4.3. External oversight from financing sources
  • 4.4. Project benchmarking by funding sources
• Appendix I POTENTIAL REMEDIATION OPTIONS
• Appendix II EXAMPLE COST ESTIMATE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
• Appendix III EXAMPLE COST ESTIMATES RELATED TO AN ALTERNATIVE IN SITU TREATMENT
• Appendix IV EXAMPLE WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION COST ESTIMATES
• Appendix V REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGY COSTS
• REFERENCES
• Annex I WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE DICTIONARY
• Annex II COST ESTIMATE CHECKLIST OF A REMEDIATION PROJECT
• GLOSSARY
• CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW