In recent years, several Member States have completed the decommissioning of multifacility nuclear sites. This publication consolidates their technical and organizational experience, and provides information and practical guidance that promotes safe, timely and cost effective implementation. All phases of decommissioning are discussed, from planning and dismantling to waste management and site release, as well as organizational schemes and funding. This publication is intended for decision makers, plant operators, contractors and regulators involved in planning, management, authorization and execution of decommissioning activities. It is particularly relevant for multifacility site operators with nuclear facilities approaching the end of their foreseen lifetime. The publication will also be of interest for the designers and builders of new nuclear installations in order to facilitate eventual decommissioning.

• 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1. Background
  • 1.2. Objective
  • 1.3. Scope
  • 1.4. Structure
• 2. MULTIFACILITY SITES AROUND THE WORLD
  • 2.1. Multi-reactor nuclear power plant sites
  • 2.2. Mixed sites housing nuclear fuel cycle facilities and/or non-power reactors and/or industrial and support facilities
  • 2.3. Mineral processing sites
  • 2.4. Decommissioning activities at multifacility sites around the world
    • 2.4.1. Deferred versus immediate dismantling
    • 2.4.2. Sequential versus simultaneous approach to decommissioning
    • 2.4.3. New development on a site with existing decommissioning activities
    • 2.4.4. Considerations on implemented decommissioning activities within the same plant
• 3. OVERARCHING CONSIDERATIONS
  • 3.1. Development of a site-wide decommissioning strategy
  • 3.2. Implementation of an integrated approach to decommissioning
• 4. TECHNICAL ASPECTS
  • 4.1. Site layout
  • 4.2. Shared infrastructure including utilities and structures, systems and components
  • 4.3. Waste management facilities and provision
  • 4.4. Development and deployment of decommissioning technologies
  • 4.5. Ground contamination
  • 4.6. Site cleanup
  • 4.7. Area and component reutilization
  • 4.8. Compliance with end state requirements
  • 4.9. Safety assessment and emergency preparedness
  • 4.10. Environmental monitoring during decommissioning
• 5. ORGANIZATIONAL and managerial ASPECTS
  • 5.1. Human resources
  • 5.2. Organizational structures and systems
    • 5.2.1. Responsibility for decommissioning and execution of the work
    • 5.2.2. Site wide decommissioning management system
    • 5.2.3. Site wide planning, evaluation and approval process for decommissioning projects
  • 5.3. Regulatory approaches
  • 5.4. Nuclear security considerations
  • 5.5. Safety and environmental impact assessment
  • 5.6. Emergency preparedness
  • 5.7. Independent owners/operators
  • 5.8. Knowledge management, learning from experience and record keeping
  • 5.9. Human factors
  • 5.10. Asset management including post-decommissioning site reuse
  • 5.11. Stakeholder engagement
  • 5.12. Supply chain engagement and commercial arrangements
• 6. FINANCIAL ASPECTS
  • 6.1. Cost estimation
  • 6.2. Short term funding
  • 6.3. Long term funding
  • 6.4. Optimization of scope to reflect funding shortfalls
• 7. INTEGRATED PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING
  • 7.1. Prioritization
  • 7.2. Integrated oversight
• 8. CONCLUSIONS
• REFERENCES
• ANNEXES: SUPPLEMENTARY FILES
• GLOSSARY
• ABBREVIATIONS
• CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW
• STRUCTURE OF THE IAEA NUCLEAR ENERGY SERIES