Nuclear cogeneration to produce electricity and process heat for nonelectric applications such as desalination, district heating or cooling or hydrogen production can play an important role in reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The implementation of nuclear cogeneration projects is inherently complex and such projects require a clear understanding of actions and responsibilities during the design, operation and management phases. This publication focuses on analysing the requirements and responsibilities of users and vendors and correspondence between them through the life cycle to of a nuclear cogeneration project, highlighting experience and lessons learned from retrofit and new build projects.

• 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1. Background
  • 1.2. Objective
  • 1.3. Scope
  • 1.4. Structure
• 2. NUCLEAR COGENERATION SYSTEMS
  • 2.1. Examples of nuclear cogeneration systems
    • 2.1.1. Desalination
    • 2.1.2. District heating
    • 2.1.3. Industrial process heat
    • 2.1.4. Hydrogen production
    • 2.1.5. Other applications
    • 2.1.6. Extracting heat from the turbine for cogeneration
  • 2.2. Overview of nuclear cogeneration projects
    • 2.2.1. New projects
    • 2.2.2. Retrofit projects
    • 2.2.3. Specific cogeneration infrastructure
• 3. STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT IN NUCLEAR COGENERATION PROJECTS
  • 3.1. Stakeholders for a nuclear cogeneration project
    • 3.1.1. Identifying stakeholders
    • 3.1.2. Developing a business plan and involving stakeholders
  • 3.2. Stakeholder involvement principles for users and vendors
    • 3.2.1. Stakeholder involvement principles
    • 3.2.2. Stakeholder involvement strategy
    • 3.2.3. Stakeholder involvement plan
• 4. USER AND VENDOR ROLES IN NUCLEAR COGENERATION PROJECTS
  • 4.1. Relationship between user and vendor
  • 4.2. Roles of user and vendor
  • 4.3. Considerations specific to nuclear cogeneration projects
• 5. REQUIREMENTS FOR USERS AND VENDORS
  • 5.1. Economic aspects
    • 5.1.1. Business case
    • 5.1.2. Financing
    • 5.1.3. Project management
  • 5.2. Technical requirements
    • 5.2.1. Siting
    • 5.2.2. Selection of reactor technology
    • 5.2.3. Coupling
  • 5.3. Safety considerations
    • 5.3.1. Design
    • 5.3.2. Construction and commissioning
    • 5.3.3. Operation and maintenance
    • 5.3.4. Decommissioning
  • 5.4. Environmental protection
    • 5.4.1. Environmental impact assessment
    • 5.4.2. Assessment of alternatives
  • 5.5. Regulatory requirements
    • 5.5.1. The role of a national regulatory authority
    • 5.5.2. Licensing requirements
    • 5.5.3. Codes and standards
  • 5.6. Contractual aspects
    • 5.6.1. Procurement
    • 5.6.2. National and local industrial involvement
• 6. USER AND VENDOR RESPONSIBILITIES
  • 6.1. Economic aspects
    • 6.1.1. Business case
    • 6.1.2. Financing
    • 6.1.3. Project management
  • 6.2. Technical aspects
    • 6.2.1. Siting
    • 6.2.2. Selection of reactor technology
    • 6.2.3. Coupling
  • 6.3. Safety considerations
    • 6.3.1. Design
    • 6.3.2. Construction
    • 6.3.3. Operation and maintenance
    • 6.3.4. Decommissioning
  • 6.4. Environmental protection
    • 6.4.1. Environmental impact study
    • 6.4.2. Assessment of alternatives
  • 6.5. Regulatory responsibilities
    • 6.5.1. Regulatory practice
    • 6.5.2. Regulatory interaction
  • 6.6. Contractual responsibilities
    • 6.6.1. Procurement
    • 6.6.2. National and local industrial and labour involvement
    • 6.6.3. Technology transfer
  • 6.7. Communication aspects
    • 6.7.1. Communicating with the public
    • 6.7.2. Media
• 7. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR USER AND VENDOR
  • 7.1. Market mapping
  • 7.2. Understanding end user needs
  • 7.3. Feasibility
  • 7.4. Stakeholder involvement/participation
  • 7.5. Vendor selection
  • 7.6. Negotiation of the business model
  • 7.7. Authorization for construction and operation
  • 7.8. Procurement
  • 7.9. Contracting
  • 7.10. Design
  • 7.11. Project implementation
  • 7.12. Operation
  • 7.13. Decommissioning
• 8. EXAMPLES OF NUCLEAR COGENERATION PROJECTS
  • 8.1. Operational npp with retrofit district heating: Beznau npp, Switzerland
  • 8.2. Operational npp with desalination: Ohi npp, Japan
  • 8.3. Future new build industrial steam production: htgr npp with steam cogeneration, Poland
  • 8.4. Future new build hydrogen production: gthtr300c, japan
• 9. CONCLUSIONS
  • 9.1. Main conclusions
  • 9.2. Suggestions
• REFERENCES
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• ABBREVIATIONS
• CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW
• STRUCTURE OF THE IAEA NUCLEAR ENERGY SERIES