Senneferi was the chancellor of the king in Thebes (modern Luxor) in the reign of Thutmose III (c. 1430 BC). His large but badly damaged tomb lies in the hill of Sheikh Abdel Qurna on the West Bank at Luxor. This first of two volumes focuses on the use of the tomb complex during the New Kingdom, especially the 18th dynasty (c. 1550–1300 BC). It begins with an account of Senneferi himself, looking at his career, his family and other monuments made in his name as far apart as Gebel Silsila in southern Egypt and the Sinai peninsula. The central section deals with the development of the layout of the tomb during this period and its recent exploration, including a detailed reconstruction of its history from 1430 BC to the 20th century AD. The remaining chapters detail the decoration and finds from the excavations, including a painted statue of Senneferi’s son-in-law and a unique set of implements from the Opening of the Mouth ritual, as well as possibly the largest ceramic assemblage yet known in a tomb of this date. This book presents the results of the detailed analysis of what at first sight appear to be unpromising finds and reveals new insights into burial practices at the height of the 18th dynasty.

• Cover
• Title
• Copyrights
• Contents
• List of tables
• List of scenes and texts
• List of figures
• List of line plates
• List of colour plates
• Bibliography
• Preface
• Introduction: Nigel Strudwick
  • 1.1 Publication structure
  • 1.2 Recent history and earlier work in TT99
  • 1.3 The Cambridge Theban Tombs Project
  • 1.4 Theft and damage
  • 1.5 Presentation of the material in this volume
  • 1.6 General description of contexts
• Senneferi, his family and related monuments: Nigel Strudwick
  • 2.1 Senneferi
    • 2.1.1 Writing of name
    • 2.1.2 Titles and epithets
    • 2.1.3 Career
    • 2.1.4 Dating
  • 2.2 Family
    • 2.2.1 Parents
    • 2.2.2 Wife
    • 2.2.3 A brother?
    • 2.2.4 Children
    • 2.2.5 Son-in-law: Amenhotep
  • 2.3 Monuments of Senneferi other than in TT99
    • 2.3.1 Block statue in the British Museum, EA 48
    • 2.3.2 Pair statue, Egyptian Museum, Cairo, CG 1013
    • 2.3.3 Fragment of a statue, Egyptian Museum, Cairo, CG 1112
    • 2.3.4 Fragment of block statue, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Wien ÄS 5978
    • 2.3.5 Shrine 13 at Gebel Silsila
    • 2.3.6 Stela from Serabit el-Khadim (199)
    • 2.3.7 A second stela from Serabit el-Khadim (71.93)
  • 2.4 Senneferi on other monuments or documents
    • 2.4.1 Papyrus Louvre E 3226
    • 2.4.2 Scene in the temple of Serabit el-Khadim (194)
    • 2.4.3 Wadi Hammamat inscription 103
    • 2.4.4 Theban tomb C.3
  • 2.5 Uncertain possible references
    • 2.5.1 Karnak
    • 2.5.2 Hildesheim, Römer und Pelizaeus Museum 5810
  • 2.6 Summary list of titles and epithets of Senneferi
• The geological and geographical setting of TT99: Helen Strudwick and Trevor F. Emmett
  • 3.1 The geographical context (Helen Strudwick)
    • 3.1.1 Location in the necropolis
    • 3.1.2 Necropolis development, orientation and pathways
  • 3.2 The geological setting (Trevor F. Emmett)
    • 3.2.1 An outline of Theban geology
    • 3.2.2 The interior of TT99
• The tomb, its architecture and history: Helen Strudwick and Nigel Strudwick
  • 4.1 Superstructure
  • 4.2 Facade of the tomb chapel
    • 4.2.1 Niche
    • 4.2.2 Side extensions
    • 4.2.3 Funerary cones
    • 4.2.4 Courtyard
  • 4.3 Chapel
    • 4.3.1 General characterisation of the Chapel
    • 4.3.2 Entrance doorway
    • 4.3.3 Front room
    • 4.3.4 Passage
    • 4.3.5 Rear room
    • 4.3.6 Preparation of the wall surfaces
    • 4.3.7 Damage to the wall paintings
  • 4.4 Burial Shafts A–F inside the Chapel
  • 4.5 The Courtyard burial shafts
    • 4.5.1 Shaft G
    • 4.5.2 Shaft H
    • 4.5.3 Shaft I
    • 4.5.4 Construction sequence and history of Shaft I
• The decoration of the Chapel: Nigel Strudwick
  • 5.1 Scene structure
  • 5.2 Decorative programme, colours and techniques
  • 5.3 Other fragments of decoration
  • 5.4 Entrance
    • 5.4.1 Entrance reveals
  • 5.5 Front room
    • 5.5.1 Wall 1: east wall, south of entrance
    • 5.5.2 Wall 2: south wall
    • 5.5.3 Wall 3: west wall, south of entrance to Passage
    • 5.5.4 Wall 4: west wall, north of entrance to Passage
    • 5.5.5 Wall 5: north wall
    • 5.5.6 Wall 6: east wall, north of entrance
    • 5.5.7 Wall 7: west wall, entrance to Passage
  • 5.6 Passage or Corridor
    • 5.6.1 Door reveals
    • 5.6.2 Wall 8: east wall, over entrance from Front room
    • 5.6.3 Wall 9: south wall
    • 5.6.4 Wall 10: west wall, entrance to Rear room
    • 5.6.5 Wall 11: north wall
  • 5.7 Rear Room (Shrine)
    • 5.7.1 Doorway to Passage
    • 5.7.2 Wall 12: east wall, south of entrance from Passage
    • 5.7.3 Wall 13: south wall
    • 5.7.4 Wall 14: west wall, south of central niche
    • 5.7.5 Wall 15: west wall, central niche and surrounds
    • 5.7.6 Wall 16: west wall, north of central niche
    • 5.7.7 Wall 17: north wall
    • 5.7.8 Wall 18: east wall, north of entrance from Passage
    • 5.7.9 Pillars
    • 5.7.10 Decoration of abaci of columns
  • 5.8 Chapel ceiling decoration and texts
    • 5.8.1 Decoration
    • 5.8.2 Texts
    • 5.8.3 Discussion and parallels
• The decorative programme, painting styles and colours: Nigel Strudwick
  • 6.1 The decorative programme of the Chapel
  • 6.2 Painting styles
  • 6.3 Colour
    • 6.3.1 Notes on method
    • 6.3.2 Colour in Egyptology since 1996
    • 6.3.3 Visualisation
    • 6.3.4 The colours of TT99
• Papyri und Leichentuch aus Shaft I: Irmtraut Munro
  • 7.1 Papyri
    • 7.1.1 Beschreibung und Befund
    • 7.1.2 Statistik
  • 7.2 Leichentuch
    • 7.2.1 Beschreibung
    • 7.2.2 Spruchvorkommen, Sequenz und stemmatische Einordnung
  • 7.3 Bewertung des Gesamtbefundes
  • 7.4 The provenances of the Shaft I fragments
  • 7.5 Conservation of the papyri of Senneferi
    • 7.5.1 Method
    • 7.5.2 Observations made during conservation
  • 7.6 Conservation of the shroud of Senneferi
• The coffins from Shaft I: John H. Taylor
  • 8.1 18th dynasty coffin types in the Theban necropolis
  • 8.2 Coffin fragments from Shaft I
    • 8.2.1 Black-varnished coffins of reddish-coloured wood
    • 8.2.2 Black-varnished and painted coffin(s) of reddish-coloured wood
    • 8.2.3 A painted coffin of a light wood
    • 8.2.4 Conclusion
• The ceramics from Shaft I: Pamela Rose
  • 9.1 Introduction and overview
  • 9.2 Dating
  • 9.3 Descriptions
    • 9.3.1 Fabrics
    • 9.3.2 Type nomenclature
    • 9.3.3 Provenance terminology
    • 9.3.4 Abbreviations
  • 9.4 Catalogue
    • 9.4.1 Marl Clays
    • 9.4.2 Nile silt vessels
    • 9.4.3 Imported vessels
• The hieratic jar labels: B. Bohleke
  • 10.1 Introduction
  • 10.2 Dockets contemporary with Senneferi
    • 10.2.1 Transcription, translation and commentary
    • 10.2.2 Conclusion (dockets contemporary with Senneferi)
  • 10.3 Highly fragmentary and intrusive ostraka
    • 10.3.1 Transcription, translation and commentary
    • 10.3.2 Conclusion (fragmentary and intrusive dockets)
• Small finds from Shaft I and an overview of the burial assemblage of Senneferi:
  • 11.1 Opening of the Mouth objects
    • 11.1.1 Summary of publication status
    • 11.1.2 Adzes
    • 11.1.3 Other possible Opening of the Mouth items
    • 11.1.4 Probable label (with B. Bohleke)
    • 11.1.5 Probable box
    • 11.1.6 Related ostraka
    • 11.1.7 Summary of archaeological contexts
    • 11.1.8 Images of the Opening of the Mouth in TT99
  • 11.2 Jewellery
    • 11.2.1 Beads
    • 11.2.2 Faience bracelets
    • 11.2.3 Summary of archaeological contexts
  • 11.3 Stone and other non-ceramic vessels
    • 11.3.1 Vessels
    • 11.3.2 Lids
    • 11.3.3 Cosmetic items
    • 11.3.4 Summary and contexts
  • 11.4 Food containers and provisions
    • 11.4.1 Containers
    • 11.4.2 Provisions
  • 11.5 Secular and religious furniture
    • 11.5.1 Non-specific boxes
    • 11.5.2 Canopic box or chest
    • 11.5.3 Knobs
    • 11.5.4 Other furniture from Shaft I
    • 11.5.5 Summary and contexts
  • 11.6 Figured, hieroglyphic and other ostraka
    • 11.6.1 Hieroglyphic ostraka
    • 11.6.2 Figured ostraka
    • 11.6.3 Summary of archaeological contexts
  • 11.7 Other items from Shaft I
    • 11.7.1 Papyri
    • 11.7.2 Mummy shroud
    • 11.7.3 Textiles other than the shroud
    • 11.7.4 Basketry
    • 11.7.5 Gold leaf
    • 11.7.6 Jar sealings
  • 11.8 The burial assemblage of Senneferi (with Helen Strudwick)
    • 11.8.1 Overview of burial equipment found
    • 11.8.2 Burial sequence and distribution of objects
• The ceramics from Shaft H: Pamela Rose
  • 12.1 Introduction and overview
  • 12.2 Dating
  • 12.3 The Courtyard Pottery
  • 12.4 Terminology
  • 12.5 Fabrics
  • 12.6 Catalogue
    • 12.6.1 Marl clay wares
    • 12.6.2 Oasis wares
    • 12.6.3 Nile silt wares
    • 12.6.4 Open forms
    • 12.6.5 Imports
• The human and animal remains from Shafts I and H 315: Tony Waldron
  • 13.1 Human remains from Shaft I
    • 13.1.1 Disarticulated bone
    • 13.1.2 Minimum number of individuals
    • 13.1.3 Sex of the individuals
    • 13.1.4 Height of the individuals
    • 13.1.5 Skeletal indices
    • 13.1.6 The teeth
    • 13.1.7 Pathology
    • 13.1.8 Mummified material
  • 13.2 Human remains from Shaft H
    • 13.2.1 Disarticulated bone
    • 13.2.2 Minimum number of individuals
    • 13.2.3 Sex of the individuals
    • 13.2.4 Height of the individuals
    • 13.2.5 Skeletal indices
    • 13.2.6 Teeth
    • 13.2.7 Pathology
    • 13.2.8 Normal variants
    • 13.2.9 Children’s skeletons
    • 13.2.10 Mummified remains
  • 13.3 Animal bones from TT99
    • 13.3.1 Shafts H and I
    • 13.3.2 NISP and MNI
    • 13.3.3 Modification of the bones
    • 13.3.4 Conclusions
• Line plates
• Colour plates